Are Spurs Closer to Winning Silverware Than You Think? The Data Says Yes!

Are Spurs Closer to Winning Silverware Than You Think? The Data Says Yes!

Are Spurs Closer to Winning Silverware?

  • Why Ange Postecoglou’s Tactics Are Taking Spurs to the Next Level
  • The One Stat Holding Tottenham Back from Trophies—And How to Fix It
  • Inside Spurs' Tactical Revolution: What the Stats Reveal About Our Future
  • Tottenham’s Biggest Strength Under Postecoglou (And the Key Weakness)
  • Today I thought I'd bring some statistics that the average fan doesn't generally see and wouldn't look for.

    I advise you to get a cuppa or a coffee because this is a long post that is going to take you 45 minutes at least to read this piece thoroughly. I'm assuming you'll take your time to absorb the detailed explanations, graphics and statistical insights I lay out throughout.

    I suggest you bookmark it and use a link to it when discussing Tottenham on social media platforms as it will help you explain your positive viewpoint.

    I have written it with explanations as a reference point, should I come back to update any of these statistics in future posts, then I can just link back here and not duplicate an explanation.

    Rounding down to the nearest thousand it is 12,000 words long.

    It tells you Spurs' season to date in the English Premier League (EPL) and why sticking a bit of leather in the back of the net is the only issue really.

    Accreditation: I have to say a big thank-you to @DataAnalyticEPL on X (formerly Twitter) a Data Scientist for the analytical graphics.

    Key Takeaways

    • High Pressing Intensity: Tottenham under Postecoglou press aggressively, aiming to win the ball back quickly in the opponent’s half, creating more opportunities through high turnovers.

    • High Defensive Line: Spurs push their defence higher up the pitch, compressing space and controlling possession, but this can leave them vulnerable to counter-attacks if not managed carefully.

    • Increased Attacking Potential: The system generates more chances through pressing and turnovers, but the team’s finishing needs improvement to maximise these opportunities.

    • Defensive Weakness: Defending inside the box is an area that still requires tightening, with opposition exploiting occasional lapses in concentration.

    • Trophy Potential: The tactical framework is sound and puts Spurs in a stronger position to compete for silverware. With a few key improvements, Tottenham could be serious contenders for trophies in the near future.

    Enjoy the journey, leave your comments.

    Just before you start, links to a couple of recent articles:

    EPL Passes Per Sequence

    Let's start with the 'EPL Passes Per Sequence' for each team so far in the 2024/25 season.

    EPL Passes Per Sequence

    As a possession-based passing team Tottenham sit a respectable 5th ahead of Arsenal, which might surprise a few people.

    1. What is a "sequence"?

    A 'sequence' refers to a continuous passage of play in which a team retains possession of the ball. A sequence starts when a team gains possession (via a pass, interception, tackle, etc.) and ends when:

    • The ball is lost to the opposition (due to a tackle, interception, or clearance),
    • The ball goes out of play, or
    • A shot or other action ends the sequence.

    Essentially, it's a period of uninterrupted possession by one team.

    2. Passes per sequence

    The passes per sequence stat calculates the average number of passes made by a team during each of their sequences of possession. It is a way to measure the style of play and control over the ball during a team's attacking or build-up phases.

    EPL Passes Per Sequence Graphic
    For example:

    • High passes per sequence: A team that averages a high number of passes per sequence is likely focusing on a possession-based, slow build-up style. Teams like Barcelona (in the tiki-taka era) or Manchester City under Pep Guardiola tend to have high passes per sequence, emphasizing ball retention and patient build-up.

    • Low passes per sequence: A team that averages a low number of passes per sequence may focus on quick transitions, direct play, or counter-attacks. Such teams prioritize moving the ball forward rapidly rather than building up play through many passes.

    Why is this stat useful?

    • Team style: It helps to understand how a team approaches the game. High passes per sequence indicate possession-heavy play, while lower numbers can indicate more direct or counter-attacking styles.
    • Possession dominance: Teams with higher passes per sequence are often those who dominate possession and control the tempo of a game.
    • Comparative analysis: Comparing a team’s passes per sequence with that of their opponents can provide insights into how the game unfolded. A team with significantly higher passes per sequence may have controlled the game more, while their opponents could have been forced to defend or play on the counter.

    Example

    • A team like Manchester City, known for possession-based football, averages 7.59 passes per sequence.
    • A counter-attacking team like Leicester City during their 2016 title run might have had around 2-3 passes per sequence, showing their preference for moving the ball quickly up the pitch.

    This stat is useful for understanding the tactical approach of teams during different phases of play and how they manage possession.

    EPL Attacking Passes Per Sequence

    So let's take this a step further because these could be passes along the back line and narrow it down to the number of 'Attacking Passes Per Sequence'.

    EPL Attacking Passes Per Sequence


    That moves Tottenham up to 3rd place only bettered by Liverpool and Manchester City which tells you we go for it as well as the best do.

    Attacking Passes per Sequence is a more specific version of the general "Passes per Sequence" stat that we just looked at, but it focuses only on sequences that occur in the attacking third of the field. Here's how it breaks down:

    1. What does "Attacking Passes per Sequence" measure?

    It measures the average number of passes a team makes during a sequence of possession in the attacking third of the field. The attacking third is the portion of the pitch closest to the opponent's goal, where a team is looking to create goal-scoring opportunities.

    EPL Attacking Passes Explanation

    2. What this stat tells us

    This stat helps to understand how a team behaves when they get the ball into a dangerous area:

    • High attacking passes per sequence: This suggests that the team is patient and deliberate in the attacking third, preferring to pass the ball around to break down the defence or find an opening. Teams with a possession-based style, like Manchester City or Barcelona, often have higher attacking passes per sequence, showing they tend to probe the defence with multiple passes before attempting a shot or crossing the ball.

    • Low attacking passes per sequence: This indicates a more direct or fast-paced attacking style. Teams with lower attacking passes per sequence tend to move the ball forward quickly, attempting to capitalize on swift opportunities, such as through crosses, direct passes, or quick combinations, rather than patiently building up the play. A counter-attacking team, for example, might have fewer attacking passes per sequence because they look to exploit space quickly when they get the ball in the final third.

    3. Why is it important?

    • Team Strategy: It provides insights into a team's strategy in the final third. A higher number of passes per sequence might indicate a team that emphasizes control and precision, while a lower number could suggest a more aggressive and direct approach to finishing attacks.

    • Offensive Pressure: It can also reflect how much offensive pressure a team applies. Teams that manage to string together multiple passes in the attacking third tend to exert sustained pressure on their opponent's defence, forcing them to chase the ball and potentially make mistakes.

    • Efficiency and Creativity: In addition to possession, this stat shows how creative or incisive a team can be when they have the ball in dangerous areas. A balance between a reasonable number of passes and the ability to finish the play often reflects a well-rounded attack.

    Example:

    • Team A (possession-oriented) may have 6-8 passes per attacking sequence. They rely on passing combinations to open up the defence, patiently looking for the right opportunity to shoot.

    • Team B (counter-attacking) might average 2-3 passes per attacking sequence. They focus on getting the ball quickly into the box for a shot or cross with minimal buildup.

    Practical Use:

    For coaches and analysts, looking at "Attacking Passes per Sequence" can help fine-tune offensive strategies:

    • A team struggling to create chances might find that they're either making too many passes without threatening or too few passes before losing the ball.

    Attacking Passes per Sequence is a key stat for evaluating how a team handles possession when they're in a dangerous attacking position and how their approach affects their ability to create and finish goal-scoring opportunities.

    EPL Passing Sequences Ending with Box Entry

    OK, now a stat that will surprise you. It one that shows the strength of a sides attacking ability against their defensive ability which grades each team for effectiveness.

    It does this by looking at how often an attack goes into the box, both for and against to evaluate the strength of attacking threat against a sides defensive ability to keep them out of their own box, generally considered to be the danger area and where most goals are scored.

    EPL Sequence with a box entry

    Manchester City, Liverpool, Arsenal, Tottenham, the expected Top 4 for me. The stats are telling us we are doing everything right, apart from putting the ball into the net.

    The stats tell us these tactics work, if you put the ball in the net, hence why Postecoglou has won wherever he has been including international football winning the Asia Cup.

    Passing Sequences Ending with Box Entry is a soccer statistic used to evaluate a team's ability to progress their play into the most dangerous area of the field: the opponent's penalty box. 

    1. Box Entry

    A box entry occurs when a team successfully moves the ball into the opponent's penalty area, usually a key objective when attacking. The penalty box (or 18-yard box) is the most dangerous zone where chances of scoring increase significantly.

    2. What does "Passing Sequences Ending with Box Entry" measure?

    This stat counts the number of passing sequences that result in the ball being played into the opponent’s penalty box. Essentially, it tracks how effectively a team is able to:

    • Retain possession through passing sequences.
    • Progress play up the field.
    • End those sequences by getting the ball into the penalty area.

    EPL Passing Sequence Ending with Box Entry Explanation

    3. What this stat tells us

    • Attacking Efficiency: A high number of passing sequences ending with box entries shows that a team is effective at moving the ball into dangerous positions through controlled possession and build-up play. It indicates that the team is able to get the ball into the penalty area consistently, where most scoring opportunities occur.

    • Build-up Play: Teams that generate a high number of these sequences are likely comfortable in possession, build attacks patiently and emphasize progressing play through the midfield and final third.

    • Creativity and Penetration: Teams that can consistently end their passing sequences with box entries are also good at breaking down defences, often using clever movement, quick passing combinations and creativity in the final third.

    4. Low Number of Passing Sequences Ending with Box Entry

    If a team has a low number of passing sequences ending with box entries, this might suggest that:

    • The team is struggling to break into the final, dangerous areas of the field.
    • Their build-up play lacks penetration or final execution.
    • They might be relying on more direct play (long balls, crosses) rather than structured passing sequences.
    • The opponent’s defence is effectively blocking access to the box.

    5. Why is it important?

    This stat gives a clear picture of how well a team turns possession into attacking opportunities:

    • Measure of penetration: It shows how often a team’s possession actually results in entering the most dangerous zone for scoring, which is, of course, crucial for creating goal-scoring opportunities.
    • Style of Play: It helps to analyze whether a team is using a patient, possession-based approach to get into the box or if they struggle to get the ball into the penalty area despite having possession.
    • Comparative Performance: Coaches and analysts can use this stat to compare a team’s performance to their opponents or other teams, showing how effective they are at turning possession into meaningful attacks.

    Example:

    • Team A (e.g., Manchester City): They might have a high number of passing sequences ending in box entry because they focus on controlling possession and methodically working the ball into the opponent’s penalty area. This shows their ability to penetrate defences through sustained passing sequences.

    • Team B (e.g., a counter-attacking team): They might have fewer passing sequences overall but still manage to get into the box efficiently through quick transitions, so their ratio could be quite favourable.

    6. How to interpret it:

    • High number of passing sequences ending with box entry: Indicates a proactive, possession-based team that successfully converts possession into attacking threats. Such teams are good at dominating the ball and working into dangerous areas, like teams that play a "tiki-taka" style.

    • Low number of passing sequences ending with box entry: Indicates a team that may have possession but struggles to turn it into meaningful chances, or perhaps a team that prefers a more direct route to goal, bypassing the traditional build-up in the final third.

    Practical Application:

    • For Coaches: This stat is crucial for assessing how well their team can penetrate the opposition’s defence. If box entries are lacking, it might indicate that the team is not creating enough chances or needs to improve their movement and passing in the final third.

    • For Analysts: It provides insight into how a team’s possession translates into attacking opportunities and whether their build-up play is efficient or too slow and predictable.

    Passing Sequences Ending with Box Entry is an excellent stat for understanding how effectively a team transitions from possession into creating real scoring opportunities by entering the opponent's penalty box.

    But how effective is all this attacking passing? 

    EPL Passing Sequences Ending in a Shot

    OK, let's look at the percentage of these passing sequences that end with a shot at goal.

    EPL Passing Sequences then end with a shot

    Again we sit 4th, below Liverpool, Nottingham Forest and Crystal Palace, but our finishing is an unlucky 13th.

    Frustration is the order of the day, our game is fine, it's our finishing that is holding us back so we all have to hope that summer transfer window signing Dominic Solanke really is the answer and that these youngsters we have, develop their finishing abilities, which I'm adamant a sports psychologist would do.

    A striker who is anxious misses, a striker on a bad run gets anxious and makes matters worse, anxious means poor decision-making and poor application of technique.

    Take away that anxiousness and you have the opposite effect. A sports psychologist will help you to train your mind to have positive thoughts and not these negative ones, with the resulting upturn in decision-making, application and therefore ability to score goals when under pressure.

    Passing Sequences Ending in a Shot is a statistic that evaluates how efficiently a team’s possession leads to goal-scoring opportunities. 

    1. Passing Sequences Ending in a Shot

    This specific stat tracks the number of passing sequences that conclude with the team attempting a shot on goal. It measures how frequently a team's possession and build-up play lead to a shot, indicating the team's ability to translate possession into goal-scoring opportunities.

    EPL Passing Sequences Ending in a shot Explanation

    2. What does this stat tell us?

    • Attacking Efficiency: A higher number of passing sequences ending in a shot suggests that a team is efficient at converting possession into direct attacking opportunities. The team’s passing sequences are productive, leading to shots, which is critical for creating scoring chances.

    • Build-up Play Quality: This stat reflects how well the team can move the ball through the field, progress into the attacking areas and ultimately generate shots. It shows the effectiveness of their final pass and how often their possession play leads to actual attempts on goal.

    • Team Strategy: Teams with a higher number of passing sequences ending in a shot often have structured build-up play and are patient in possession, working through the opposition to create quality chances. A lower number may indicate a team that is either inefficient in converting possession to shots or a team that favours other attacking strategies like long balls or counter-attacks.

    3. Low Number of Passing Sequences Ending in a Shot

    If a team has a low number of passing sequences ending in a shot, it could indicate:

    • They struggle to convert possession into meaningful chances.
    • The team might have a lot of possession but lacks creativity or cutting edge in the final third.
    • The opposition’s defence may be strong, limiting their opportunities to take shots.
    • The team may rely more on direct play (e.g., long balls or quick counter-attacks) rather than building up through passing sequences.

    4. Why is it important?

    • Effectiveness of Attack: This stat shows how well a team’s possession translates into goal attempts, which is the primary objective of attacking play. Teams that generate a high number of shots from passing sequences are generally more threatening and effective in their attacking movements.

    • Decision Making in the Final Third: It provides insight into how decisive and creative the team is when they get near the opponent's goal. Teams with good decision-making and execution in the final third are more likely to end their passing sequences with shots.

    • Balance of Play: While some teams might dominate possession, this stat helps to differentiate between teams that are possession-heavy but ineffective in generating shots and teams that turn possession into genuine goal-scoring chances.

    5. Examples of Team Styles

    • High number of passing sequences ending in a shot: Teams like Manchester City or Barcelona, often have a high number of passing sequences that result in shots. Their emphasis on patient build-up and intricate passing in the final third often leads to a shot after sustained possession.

    • Low number of passing sequences ending in a shot: Teams that focus on quick transitions or long-ball play, like some counter-attacking teams, might have fewer sequences overall, but when they do have possession, they are less likely to string together many passes before a shot. They might still create scoring chances but via different methods, than sustained passing sequences.

    6. Interpreting the Stat

    • High passing sequences ending in a shot: A team that frequently ends their possession with a shot is efficient in attack. They’re able to generate multiple chances from their build-up play. These teams typically dominate possession and translate that dominance into opportunities to score.

    • Low passing sequences ending in a shot: A team that has possession but struggles to end their sequences with shots might be lacking in creativity, penetration, or decision-making in the final third. It can indicate a team that holds the ball but doesn’t generate many real chances to score.

    Practical Example

    • Team A (Possession-heavy): Suppose Team A completes 50 passing sequences in a match and 12 of those sequences result in a shot. Their efficiency in turning possession into shots is 24%. This would indicate a team that builds up play and is reasonably successful at getting to the point of taking a shot.

    • Team B (Direct play): Team B might only have 25 passing sequences in a game but manages to end 8 of them with a shot. Even though they have fewer passing sequences overall, they are quite efficient, with 32% of their sequences resulting in a shot. This could indicate a more direct or counter-attacking style of play.

    7. Applications for Teams

    • Coaching and Strategy: Coaches can use this stat to identify whether their team is effectively translating possession into shots. If a team dominates possession but isn’t creating enough chances, this stat can help diagnose where the build-up is breaking down (e.g., lack of final pass, poor decision-making in the final third).

    • Opposition Analysis: Analyzing an opponent’s passing sequences ending in shots can provide insights into how to disrupt their attacking play. If a team consistently ends their sequences with shots, a defence can focus on breaking up those sequences before they progress into the final third or box.

    Passing Sequences Ending in a Shot is a key metric for understanding how well a team turns possession into concrete goal-scoring opportunities, giving insight into the efficiency and effectiveness of a team’s attacking play.

    EPL Opposition Passing Sequences Ending in a Shot

    Let's look at opposition passing sequences that lead to us conceding a shot.

    EPL Opposition sequences that lead to a shot

    Spurs are flying high with The Eagles (Crystal Palace) and Liverpool.

    EPL Efficiency In The Box

    The next stat shows the number of touches in the opponent's box over touches in the final third, converted to a percentage and the same thing for the opposition when we are defending.

    EPL Box Efficiency

    This stat tells you the proportion of touches in the opponent’s box compared to the total number of touches a team has in the final third. Room for improvement.

    EPL Box Efficiency Calculation

    A higher percentage when attacking shows that the team is efficient in getting the ball into dangerous positions when they’re in the attacking third.

    A lower percentage when defending indicates the defence is preventing the opposition from entering the penalty area often, even if they have possession in your defensive third.

    What this tells us:

    • High offensive efficiency means a team is getting into dangerous areas (the box) often compared to their overall time spent in the final third.
    • Low defensive efficiency (for the opponent) means the defending team is doing well at stopping opponents from getting into their penalty box, even if the opponents have possession in the defensive third.

    Why is this stat valuable?

    • Attacking Perspective: Teams can use this metric to evaluate their attacking efficiency. A team might have plenty of touches in the box but need to work on their decision-making or finishing to increase the number of shots and goals from those touches.

    • Defensive Perspective: On defence, this stat shows how well a team defends its most vulnerable area. A team that concedes few shots or goals from box entries has a strong defensive structure, even when allowing the opponent into dangerous areas.

    • Tactical Adjustments: Coaches can use efficiency in the box to make tactical changes. For instance, if a team has low attacking efficiency in the box, they might focus on improving their final pass or movement off the ball. If their defensive efficiency is low, they might need to tighten up marking or address weaknesses in dealing with crosses or set pieces.

    Efficiency in the Box is a critical measure of how effectively a team capitalizes on its opportunities inside the penalty area and how well it defends against the opponent's chances in that same area. High offensive efficiency and high defensive efficiency are essential for winning games and maintaining a balance between attack and defence.

    EPL Box Efficiency: Conversion and Protection

    EPL Box Efficiency: Conversion and Protection

    Our Achilles heel, very low shot protection inside our own box coupled with very low shot conversion rate in the opposition box. Fix the shot conversion and you fix the season, you fix the trophy drought.

    Get the blooming sports psychologist to work. All the players have the skill, all the players have the technique so it's not a skill problem is it.

    This metric was the problem last season (we were basically the worst in the league) and we finished 5th despite it.

    Box Efficiency: Conversion and Protection refers to how well a team performs both offensively (conversion) and defensively (protection) within the penalty area, or "the box." 

    These two aspects of box efficiency, conversion (attacking) and protection (defending), are critical indicators of how effectively a team takes advantage of opportunities and prevents their opponents from doing so in the most dangerous zone of the pitch.

    1. Box Efficiency: Conversion (Attacking Efficiency)

    Conversion in the box refers to a team's ability to convert opportunities in the opponent's penalty area into shots, goals, or meaningful attacking outcomes. Essentially, it measures how clinical and effective a team is when they manage to get the ball inside the opponent's penalty area.

    Key Metrics for Conversion Efficiency:

    • Touches in the box to shots ratio: How many touches inside the opponent's penalty area result in shots. A high ratio indicates a team that is quick to turn possession into attempts on goal.
    • Shots to goals ratio (conversion rate): How many of those shots are converted into goals. This shows the finishing quality of the team when they get into scoring positions.

    Box Efficiency Calculation

    What this tells us:

    • High Conversion Efficiency: This indicates a team that is very effective and clinical when inside the box. They can quickly generate shots or score goals with relatively few touches in the opponent's penalty area. Teams with high conversion efficiency often rely on quick decision-making, good positioning and strong finishing ability.

    • Low Conversion Efficiency: A team with low conversion efficiency might dominate possession or have numerous touches in the box, but they fail to generate quality shots or convert those opportunities into goals. This could be due to poor final passes, indecisiveness, or weak finishing.

    2. Box Efficiency: Protection (Defensive Efficiency)

    Protection in the box refers to a team's ability to protect their own penalty area from opponents, limiting the number of shots, dangerous chances, or goals they concede when the opposition gains possession in this area.

    Key Metrics for Protection Efficiency:

    • Opponents' touches in your box to shots ratio: How many times the opponent touches the ball inside your penalty box compared to how many shots they generate. A low ratio means the team is effectively preventing the opponent from converting touches in the box into shots.
    • Opponents' shots to goals ratio: How many of the opponent’s shots inside the box result in goals. This gives a measure of the team's ability to block shots, force difficult attempts, or rely on strong goalkeeper performance.
    Pressure Efficiency Calculation

    What this tells us:

    • High Protection Efficiency: If the opponent gets into your box but struggles to convert touches into shots or goals, it means your team has a solid defensive structure in place. A high protection efficiency could indicate good positioning, effective marking and quick reactions to clear the ball or block shots.

    • Low Protection Efficiency: A team with low protection efficiency is vulnerable in the box, allowing the opponent to generate too many shots or goals from relatively few touches. This suggests weaknesses in defensive organization, marking, or goalkeeping.

    3. Why Box Efficiency (Conversion and Protection) is Important

    • Conversion (Offensive):

      • Maximizing chances: Scoring in soccer is often about making the most of limited opportunities. Even dominant teams may only get a handful of touches in the box, so being efficient with those touches is crucial.
      • Winning matches: Teams that are efficient at converting touches into goals often win games, even if they have less overall possession or fewer touches in the box. Clinical finishing is a key component of successful attacking play.
    • Protection (Defensive):

      • Reducing risk: The penalty box is the area where goals are most likely to be scored. Strong defensive efficiency here can significantly reduce the opponent's chances of scoring.
      • Solid defensive foundation: Teams that are difficult to break down in the box are typically hard to beat. This could be due to excellent individual defending, good goalkeeper performances, or a well-organized defensive line.

    4. Applications for Teams and Coaches

    Improving Conversion Efficiency (Attacking)

    • Focus on quality over quantity: Teams can work on creating high-quality chances rather than just getting the ball into the box. This involves improving the timing and quality of final passes, as well as player positioning.
    • Finishing drills: Enhancing players' ability to finish from various positions inside the box, whether it's one-touch shots, headers, or reacting to rebounds.
    • Quick decision-making: Teams should practice reducing time on the ball in the box, making quicker decisions to shoot or pass.

    Improving Protection Efficiency (Defending)

    • Defensive positioning: Ensuring defenders are in the right positions to block shots or prevent passes that would lead to high-quality chances.
    • Communication and organization: Defenders and the goalkeeper must work together, particularly when defending crosses, cut-backs, or set pieces.
    • Closing down space quickly: Teaching defenders to react quickly and block shots or intercept passes as soon as the opponent gets into the box.

    5. Examples of Teams Excelling in Box Efficiency

    • High Conversion Efficiency: Teams like Manchester City or Liverpool, during their dominant seasons, often had high conversion efficiency. They are adept at turning possession in the box into quick shots and goals through intricate passing, fast decision-making and excellent finishing.

    • High Protection Efficiency: Teams with strong defensive records, like Atlético Madrid under Diego Simeone, often excel in protecting their box. Even when opponents manage to get into the box, they struggle to get clean shots due to Atlético's disciplined defending, shot-blocking and compact shape.

    6. Why Conversion and Protection Must Be Balanced

    A successful team often balances both aspects:

    • A team with high conversion efficiency but poor protection might score plenty of goals but also concede too many, making them vulnerable in high-scoring games.
    • A team with high protection efficiency but poor conversion might struggle to score enough goals to win games, even if they defend well.

    The most successful teams, particularly over a full season, often demonstrate strength in both conversion and protection, meaning they can both score efficiently when they have chances and defend resolutely when under pressure.

    Box Efficiency: Conversion and Protection gives a comprehensive view of a team’s effectiveness in both attack and defence in the most critical area of the field—the penalty box. 

    Conversion efficiency reflects how well a team turns possession in the opponent's box into shots and goals, while protection efficiency measures how well a team defends its own box, limiting the opponent’s ability to convert touches into chances. 

    Together, these two metrics are powerful indicators of a team's overall performance and ability to control the most decisive moments of a match.

    EPL Pressing Intensity v Possession

    EPL Pressing Intensity

    Pressing Intensity vs Possession is a fascinating aspect of modern soccer analytics that highlights the relationship between how much a team presses (defensive work to regain possession) and how much they control possession during a game. These two metrics—pressing intensity and possession, offer insights into a team's tactical approach, both in and out of possession.

    1. What is Pressing Intensity?

    Pressing intensity refers to how aggressively a team attempts to regain possession of the ball when the opponent has it. It is typically measured through metrics like:

    • Passes per Defensive Action (PPDA): This measures how many passes the opposing team is allowed to complete before the pressing team makes a defensive action (such as a tackle, interception, or foul). A lower PPDA means higher pressing intensity because the team is allowing fewer passes before applying pressure.
    Pressing Intensity Calculation

    • Pressure regains: How often a team successfully regains possession after applying pressure on the ball.

    • High turnovers: How many times a team forces the opponent to lose possession in their own half or final third.

    • Pressing in specific areas: Some teams may focus their pressing intensity in the opponent's half (high press), the middle third (mid-block), or their own defensive third (low block).

    2. What is Possession?

    Possession is simply the percentage of time a team has control of the ball during a match. Teams that focus on possession-based play aim to control the tempo of the game by retaining the ball for long periods. Possession is often used as a strategy to dominate the game, prevent the opponent from creating chances,and build up attacks patiently.

    3. Relationship Between Pressing Intensity and Possession

    The relationship between pressing intensity and possession can tell us a lot about a team's playing style. Teams typically fall into one of a few strategic categories based on how these two aspects balance out.

    High Pressing Intensity and High Possession

    Teams that combine high pressing intensity with high possession are often focused on:

    • Winning the ball back quickly: These teams aim to regain possession as soon as they lose it, applying immediate pressure to force the opponent into mistakes.
    • Dominating the ball: Once they regain possession, they look to control the game with sustained ball retention, building attacks methodically.

    Example: Teams like Liverpool under Jurgen Klopp (with their gegenpressing system) and Manchester City under Pep Guardiola press aggressively when they lose the ball but also dominate possession when they win it back.

    Key traits:

    • Low PPDA (high pressing intensity).
    • High possession percentage.
    • Focus on counter-pressing immediately after losing the ball.

    This approach allows these teams to stay on the front foot, minimizing the opponent’s time on the ball and ensuring they regain possession in dangerous areas.

    High Pressing Intensity and Low Possession

    Some teams focus on high pressing intensity but don’t aim to dominate possession. Instead, they focus on:

    • Disrupting the opponent’s build-up: These teams press aggressively to force turnovers or errors but may play a more direct or counter-attacking style when they regain possession.
    • Quick transitions: After winning the ball, they look to transition rapidly to attack, often bypassing lengthy possession play.

    Example: RB Leipzig and Atlético Madrid are known for their pressing intensity but may have lower possession percentages because they prefer a more direct or transitional approach once they win the ball.

    Key traits:

    • Low PPDA (high pressing intensity).
    • Lower possession percentage.
    • Focus on forcing the opponent into mistakes and playing quickly after winning the ball.

    Low Pressing Intensity and High Possession

    Teams that emphasize high possession with low pressing intensity focus on:

    • Controlling the game through possession: These teams prefer to dominate the ball, but instead of pressing aggressively, they tend to sit back and reorganize defensively when they lose possession.
    • Conserving energy: By avoiding high pressing, they rely on more structured defence, regaining the ball through positioning rather than pressure.

    Example: Barcelona under the later years of the tiki-taka era or some possession-based Italian teams. They rely on ball retention but don’t always press intensely when out of possession.

    Key traits:

    • High possession percentage.
    • Higher PPDA (low pressing intensity).
    • Emphasis on positional discipline and retaining the ball to control the game.

    Low Pressing Intensity and Low Possession

    Some teams adopt a low pressing intensity while also ceding possession to the opponent. This is typical of teams that focus on:

    • Defensive solidity: These teams focus on a more reactive style of play, often sitting deep in a defensive block and focusing on structure over pressing intensity.
    • Counter-attacking football: They are content to allow the opponent to dominate possession and look to capitalize on turnovers to quickly counter-attack.

    Example: Teams like Burnley, or defensive-minded teams in lower leagues, focus on sitting back in a defensive shape, not pressing too high and waiting for opportunities to counter.

    Key traits:

    • Higher PPDA (low pressing intensity).
    • Low possession percentage.
    • Focus on defensive solidity and quick counters after regaining possession.

    4. Key Insights from Pressing Intensity vs Possession

    Tactical Approach:

    • High pressing intensity + high possession often reflects an intense, front-footed approach to the game. Teams with this style look to dominate through possession and aggressive pressing, which can be physically demanding but tactically rewarding.

    • High pressing intensity + low possession often suggests a counter-attacking or transitional style. These teams look to win the ball high up the field, but rather than hold onto it, they quickly transition to attack.

    • Low pressing intensity + high possession usually reflects a more patient, methodical approach. Teams in this category are likely more concerned with controlling the game and less with winning the ball back immediately after losing it.

    • Low pressing intensity + low possession generally indicates a defensive, reactive approach, where the team focuses on maintaining a solid defensive shape and taking advantage of any counter-attacking opportunities.

    Energy Management:

    • High pressing intensity demands significant physical effort, so teams that press intensely (especially for long periods) need to be fit and tactically organized to avoid leaving spaces open when pressing fails.

    • Teams with low pressing intensity conserve energy and often look to outlast their opponent defensively, focusing on structure rather than constant pressure.

    5. Practical Example

    Let’s take two hypothetical teams:

    • Team A (Liverpool-style):

      • Pressing Intensity: High (PPDA of 7, meaning they allow the opponent only 7 passes before applying a defensive action).
      • Possession: 65%.

      This shows that Team A aggressively presses their opponent and quickly wins the ball back, but also dominates possession once they regain it.

    • Team B (Leicester-style under Brendan Rodgers):

      • Pressing Intensity: High (PPDA of 8).
      • Possession: 40%.

      Team B presses relatively high but doesn’t look to hold onto the ball as much. Instead, they focus on winning the ball back and counter-attacking quickly with direct play.

    The relationship between pressing intensity and possession provides key insights into a team’s tactical philosophy:

    • Teams with high pressing intensity and high possession seek to dominate through both controlling the ball and winning it back quickly.
    • Teams with high pressing intensity but low possession often adopt a counter-attacking style, relying on disrupting the opponent's build-up.
    • Low pressing intensity combined with high possession reflects a more patient and controlled style.
    • Low pressing intensity and low possession generally indicates a more defensive, counter-attacking approach.

    By analyzing these two metrics together, coaches and analysts can better understand how a team approaches both sides of the game: how they attack with possession and how they defend without it.

    EPL Pressing Intensity v PPDA

    EPL Pressing Intensity Per Defensive Action


    Pressing Intensity and PPDA (Passes Per Defensive Action) are closely related metrics in soccer that describe how aggressively a team presses to win back the ball from the opponent. They both reflect the team's defensive approach and tactical style, but they measure pressing in slightly different ways.

    1. What is Pressing Intensity?

    Pressing intensity refers to how aggressively and frequently a team applies pressure on the opposing team to regain possession. It's an indicator of how often a team tries to disrupt their opponent’s build-up play, win the ball back, or force mistakes.

    • High pressing intensity: A team puts constant pressure on the opponent when out of possession, often high up the pitch (e.g., in the opponent's half). They try to close down space quickly, engage in tackles or interceptions and limit the opponent’s ability to pass freely.
    • Low pressing intensity: A team applies less frequent pressure on the ball and may sit deeper, allowing the opposition more time and space to pass, focusing on defensive shape rather than constantly chasing the ball.

    2. What is PPDA (Passes Per Defensive Action)?

    PPDA (Passes Per Defensive Action) is a widely used metric that quantifies pressing intensity in soccer. It measures how many passes a team allows the opponent to make before engaging in a defensive action such as a tackle, interception, or foul.

    PPDA Calculation

    • Low PPDA: Indicates high pressing intensity. If a team has a low PPDA, it means they allow the opponent to make fewer passes before stepping in with a defensive action. This means they are pressing frequently and aggressively, especially high up the pitch.

    • High PPDA: Indicates low pressing intensity. A high PPDA suggests that the team allows the opponent to make more passes before engaging with defensive actions. This reflects a more passive or conservative defensive approach, where the team may sit back and allow the opponent time on the ball, focusing on defending in a compact shape.

    3. Relationship Between Pressing Intensity and PPDA

    Pressing intensity and PPDA are directly related, with PPDA serving as a numerical representation of pressing intensity. Essentially, PPDA gives a more measurable, objective way to quantify how intensely a team presses.

    • High pressing intensity = Low PPDA: Teams that press with high intensity will have a low PPDA because they are constantly challenging the opponent’s passing rhythm, not giving them time to build up comfortably.

    • Low pressing intensity = High PPDA: Teams that press less frequently, often using a deeper or more compact defensive block, will have a higher PPDA because they allow the opponent more time and space to complete passes before attempting to win the ball.

    4. Why PPDA is Important for Measuring Pressing Intensity

    PPDA is a valuable metric because it provides a clear, quantifiable measure of pressing intensity across different teams and leagues. It helps differentiate between teams that press aggressively and those that adopt a more passive or organized defensive strategy.

    Interpreting PPDA in Context

    • Teams with Low PPDA (High Pressing Intensity):

      • These teams apply pressure quickly, often higher up the pitch (in the opponent’s defensive or middle third). They look to force turnovers and disrupt the opponent’s play immediately after losing possession.
      • Example: Teams like Liverpool under Jurgen Klopp (using gegenpressing) or Manchester City under Pep Guardiola (focusing on quick recovery of possession) often have very low PPDA values.
    • Teams with High PPDA (Low Pressing Intensity):

      • Teams with a higher PPDA are often more content to sit back and defend in a compact block, only engaging the opponent when they move closer to their goal or into key areas. These teams may prioritize conserving energy or focusing on maintaining defensive shape rather than constantly pressing.
      • Example: Teams like Atlético Madrid under Diego Simeone, who often defend in a low block and press selectively, may have a higher PPDA, indicating a more measured pressing strategy.

    5. Examples of PPDA Values

    • Low PPDA (High Pressing): A team with a PPDA of 5 might allow only 5 passes before engaging in a defensive action. This team would press intensely, applying pressure to regain possession as soon as possible.

    • High PPDA (Low Pressing): A team with a PPDA of 15 allows the opponent to make 15 passes before pressing. This reflects a team that presses less frequently, focusing more on keeping their defensive shape rather than pressing aggressively.

    6. Practical Example: PPDA and Pressing Styles

    Let’s compare two hypothetical teams to understand how PPDA reflects their pressing intensity.

    • Team A (High Pressing Team):
      • PPDA: 6 (low PPDA).
      • Pressing intensity: Team A applies pressure as soon as the opponent receives the ball, looking to disrupt their build-up immediately. They engage in frequent tackles, interceptions and fouls to win the ball back quickly.
      • Playing style: High-pressing, proactive and aiming to regain possession high up the pitch.
    • Team B (Low Pressing Team):
      • PPDA: 14 (high PPDA).
      • Pressing intensity: Team B allows the opponent to pass the ball more freely in their own half or the middle third. They don’t press aggressively and only apply defensive actions when the opponent enters their defensive third or into more dangerous areas.
      • Playing style: More conservative, sitting deeper and focusing on defensive organization rather than immediate pressing.

    7. Why Teams Choose Different Pressing Intensity

    • High Pressing Intensity (Low PPDA): Teams that play high-intensity pressing tend to have a proactive, aggressive style. They aim to control the game by recovering the ball quickly, often leading to higher chances of regaining possession in dangerous areas (closer to the opponent’s goal). This style is energy-intensive and requires players to be well-coordinated and physically fit.

    • Low Pressing Intensity (High PPDA): Teams that adopt a lower pressing intensity and higher PPDA often do so because they want to prioritize defensive stability, stay compact and conserve energy. These teams may allow the opponent to dominate possession but look to strike on the counter or when the opponent moves into their final third.

    8. How PPDA Helps in Tactical Analysis

    PPDA offers clear insights into a team’s tactical approach:

    • Identifying press-heavy teams: Teams with low PPDA are more likely to play a high-pressing game, seeking to dominate and control possession through relentless pressure on the opponent.

    • Understanding low-block teams: Teams with high PPDA may use a low-block system, prioritizing defensive shape and waiting for counter-attacking opportunities.

    9. Trends in Modern Football

    Modern football has seen a growing number of teams adopt high pressing strategies, leading to lower PPDA across many top leagues. High-pressing teams seek to regain possession quickly after losing the ball, disrupting the opponent's build-up and generating opportunities from turnovers.

    However, some teams maintain a low pressing intensity (higher PPDA), especially in leagues or situations where teams focus on defensive solidity and compactness over chasing the ball.

    Pressing Intensity and PPDA are two sides of the same coin. 

    Pressing intensity refers to how aggressively a team presses, while PPDA is a concrete, numerical way to measure it. A low PPDA reflects a team that presses frequently and with high intensity, while a high PPDA shows a team that allows more passes before engaging defensively, indicating lower pressing intensity. 

    Understanding these metrics helps in analyzing teams' defensive strategies and overall approach to the game.

    Pressing Intensity v Defensive Height

    EPL Pressing Intensity v Defensive Height

    Pressing Intensity vs Defensive Height refers to the relationship between how aggressively a team presses and where they engage the opponent on the field (the height of their defensive line). 

    While pressing intensity measures the frequency and aggressiveness of defensive actions, defensive height reflects the vertical positioning of a team’s defensive line on the pitch, or how "high" or "deep" a team sets its defensive structure.

    1. What is Defensive Height?

    Defensive height refers to the average position of a team’s defensive line during a match:

    • High defensive line: The defensive line is positioned closer to the opponent’s goal, often in the middle third or even higher up the field. This is common for teams that want to compress space, play on the front foot and apply pressure early in the opponent’s build-up.
    • Low defensive line: The defensive line is positioned deeper, closer to their own goal. This is typically used by teams that prioritize defensive solidity, inviting the opponent to come forward while maintaining a compact shape.

    2. Relationship Between Pressing Intensity and Defensive Height

    There is often a strong correlation between a team's pressing intensity and the height at which they set their defensive line. However, different tactical approaches can create a range of possibilities.

    High Pressing Intensity with High Defensive Height

    • Teams that combine high pressing intensity with a high defensive line aim to dominate possession and territory. They push their defenders up the pitch to compress space, leaving the opponent with less room to build up and forcing them into mistakes.

    • The high defensive line allows the midfield and forwards to press aggressively, as the distance between the forward line and the defenders is reduced. This tactic works well when the team aims to regain possession quickly in the opponent’s half and disrupt their play before it even reaches midfield.

    • Risks: Playing with a high line can leave the team vulnerable to counter-attacks, as there is space behind the defenders for the opponent to exploit with quick, direct play or through balls. Teams that employ this approach often rely on fast defenders and a goalkeeper who is comfortable playing as a sweeper to mitigate this risk.

    Example: Teams like Manchester City or Liverpool, who press high and keep their defensive line advanced, use this approach to dominate possession and territory.

    High Pressing Intensity with Low Defensive Height

    • While less common, some teams may press aggressively but choose to set a low defensive line, focusing on applying pressure selectively or in specific phases of the game (e.g., mid-block pressing). These teams might sit deeper to protect against counter-attacks but still apply pressure as soon as the opponent enters their defensive third or the middle third.

    • This approach is often used by teams that are wary of the opposition’s speed or attacking threat, but still want to apply high-intensity pressing in certain areas of the pitch. This can force the opponent to play in front of the defence, making it harder for them to break through.

    Example: A team like Atlético Madrid under Diego Simeone, known for their structured defensive play, might sit deeper but still apply intense pressure in certain areas of the pitch, focusing on disrupting opponents' passing in their own half while maintaining a compact, low defensive block.

    Low Pressing Intensity with High Defensive Height

    • Some teams may choose to push their defensive line high up the field but not press intensely. This approach involves playing a high defensive line to squeeze space and restrict the opponent’s passing options but focusing more on maintaining positional discipline than constant pressing.

    • These teams might look to control space rather than actively win the ball back quickly. The defenders play high to support the midfield but may wait for the right moment to engage, relying on cutting off passing lanes and forcing long balls or mistakes rather than frequent pressing actions.

    Risks: Without intense pressing, a high defensive line can be vulnerable if the opponent breaks through the midfield or uses quick, long passes.

    Example: Teams that rely on possession-based football, like certain versions of Barcelona under later coaches, might use this strategy to maintain control of territory without pressing aggressively.

    Low Pressing Intensity with Low Defensive Height

    • Teams that combine low pressing intensity with a low defensive line adopt a more conservative and reactive approach, often focusing on maintaining a compact shape in their own half and minimizing space for the opponent. These teams are content to allow the opponent possession and will only engage when necessary, such as when the opponent enters their final third.

    • The low defensive line ensures that there is little space behind the defence for the opponent to exploit and the low pressing intensity helps conserve energy. This approach is common for teams that play for counter-attacks or want to frustrate a superior opponent.

    • Risks: Allowing the opponent too much possession can lead to sustained pressure and a lack of pressing can give the opponent time to find solutions to break through the defensive structure.

    Example: Defensive-minded teams like Burnley or even José Mourinho’s teams at times will employ this tactic, focusing on soaking up pressure and hitting on the break.

    3. Why Teams Vary Defensive Height with Pressing Intensity

    The combination of pressing intensity and defensive height often depends on several tactical factors, such as:

    • Opponent's strengths: Teams may adjust their defensive height based on the speed and attacking threat of the opponent. Against teams with fast attackers, a high defensive line might be risky, while a deep line reduces the chance of being exposed on the counter.
    • Game state: Teams may change their approach depending on whether they are winning or losing. A team defending a lead might drop their defensive line and reduce pressing intensity, while a team chasing a game may push higher and press more aggressively.
    • Squad strengths: Teams with fast, athletic defenders and midfielders might be more comfortable with a high line and intense pressing. Conversely, teams with slower defenders may opt for a deeper defensive line to protect themselves.

    4. How Defensive Height Influences Pressing Success

    • High Defensive Height and Pressing Efficiency: When a team presses with a high defensive line, they are better positioned to cut off passing lanes and win the ball in dangerous areas. However, this requires coordination, as any mistake in pressing can leave the defence exposed.

    • Low Defensive Height and Pressing Efficiency: Teams with a deeper line might press less frequently, focusing on maintaining defensive structure and forcing the opponent to break them down. This reduces the risk of being caught out of position but can lead to the opponent dominating possession.

    5. Examples of Teams Using Different Strategies

    • Liverpool (High Pressing, High Defensive Height): Liverpool under Klopp combines a high defensive line with intense pressing. Their defenders play high up the field to support the midfield, while the team presses relentlessly to win the ball back in the opponent's half. This creates a suffocating environment for the opposition but requires fast defenders and constant vigilance against counter-attacks.

    • Atlético Madrid (High Pressing, Low Defensive Height): While Atlético often plays with a deep defensive line, they still apply pressure in key areas. They press intensely in their defensive third or the middle third to disrupt the opponent's build-up, but their defensive line remains close to their own goal, ensuring defensive solidity.

    • Barcelona (Low Pressing, High Defensive Height): In certain periods, Barcelona has played with a high defensive line but pressed less aggressively, relying on controlling space through possession and cutting off passing lanes rather than high pressing. They compress the opponent by positioning their defence high but focus on positional play rather than constant pressing.

    • Burnley (Low Pressing, Low Defensive Height): Burnley under Sean Dyche often combines a low block with low pressing intensity. Their defensive line is deep and they focus on keeping a solid shape, allowing the opponent possession while minimizing spaces in their own half. They rarely press high, focusing instead on soaking up pressure and countering when possible.

    Pressing intensity and defensive height work hand in hand to define a team's defensive strategy. Teams that press high usually play with a high defensive line to compress space and win the ball back quickly, while teams with low pressing intensity may prefer a deeper defensive line to protect against fast transitions. 

    Understanding the interplay between pressing intensity and defensive height provides valuable insight into how teams defend and control space during a match.

    EPL High Turnover v PPDA

    EPL High Turnover v PPDA

    High Turnovers and PPDA (Passes Per Defensive Action) are both key metrics in understanding a team's pressing behavior and defensive strategy. They are closely related but provide different insights into how a team regains possession and applies pressure.

    1. What is a High Turnover?

    A high turnover refers to a team winning back possession of the ball in the opponent’s half of the field, specifically in the attacking or middle third. It shows how effective a team is at pressing and disrupting the opponent’s build-up play in advanced areas of the pitch.

    Types of High Turnovers:

    • High turnovers leading to a shot: When the team wins the ball in the opponent's half and quickly creates a goal-scoring opportunity.
    • High turnovers leading to a transition: Winning possession and transitioning quickly into an attacking move.

    High turnovers are an important outcome of pressing because they allow a team to regain possession in dangerous areas, close to the opponent’s goal, where they can capitalize on defensive mistakes and immediately create scoring chances.

    2. PPDA (Passes Per Defensive Action) Recap

    As we previously discussed, PPDA is a metric that measures how many passes a team allows the opponent to make before engaging in a defensive action (such as a tackle, interception, or foul) in their defensive or middle third.

    • Low PPDA: Indicates high pressing intensity, meaning the team engages the opponent quickly after losing possession and allows fewer passes before pressing.
    • High PPDA: Indicates low pressing intensity, meaning the team allows the opponent more time on the ball before engaging defensively.

    3. Relationship Between High Turnovers and PPDA

    The relationship between high turnovers and PPDA reflects how well a team's pressing translates into regaining possession in advanced areas. Generally:

    • Low PPDA (high pressing intensity) correlates with more high turnovers because pressing aggressively limits the opponent’s passing options and increases the chances of winning the ball back in the opponent's half.
    • High PPDA (low pressing intensity) correlates with fewer high turnovers because the team allows the opponent more time and space to build play, engaging defensively only when the opponent progresses further up the field.

    4. How High Turnovers and PPDA Interact in Tactical Contexts

    Low PPDA and High Number of High Turnovers

    Teams with low PPDA are pressing intensively, applying pressure high up the pitch and forcing opponents into mistakes or rushed decisions. This typically results in:

    • Frequent high turnovers: Because the team doesn’t allow the opponent to comfortably build play from the back, they win the ball in dangerous areas.
    • High pressing efficiency: A low PPDA combined with frequent high turnovers indicates that the pressing is successful, leading to regained possession in the opponent’s half, often creating scoring chances immediately after.

    Example: Teams like Liverpool under Klopp or Manchester City under Guardiola are good examples of this strategy. They press high up the pitch with a low PPDA and often generate a high number of high turnovers, which they immediately turn into attacking moves or shots.

    Low PPDA but Few High Turnovers

    In some cases, a team may have a low PPDA but fewer high turnovers. This can happen if:

    • The opponent bypasses the press effectively (with long balls or quick transitions).
    • The pressing is aggressive but less effective in actually regaining possession in advanced areas.

    In this case, the team might be pressing intensely, but the opponent is managing to escape the pressure and avoid giving the ball away in dangerous areas.

    High PPDA and Few High Turnovers

    Teams with a high PPDA press less frequently, often allowing the opponent more time on the ball and engaging defensively deeper in their own half. As a result:

    • Few high turnovers: Because the team isn’t applying intense pressure in the opponent's half, they are less likely to win the ball high up the pitch.
    • Defensive focus: These teams might focus more on regaining possession in deeper areas of the field (closer to their own goal), prioritizing defensive structure over aggressive pressing.

    Example: Teams like Atlético Madrid under Diego Simeone or Leicester City under Brendan Rodgers, who often sit deeper and focus on defending in a compact shape, typically allow more passes before engaging (higher PPDA) and generate fewer high turnovers as a result.

    High PPDA and Occasional High Turnovers

    Some teams might press selectively or focus on key moments to engage defensively. Despite a higher PPDA, they could still generate occasional high turnovers, especially if they press intensely at certain moments (such as when the opponent is transitioning or in specific areas of the field).

    • Situational pressing: These teams may not press continuously but wait for the right moments to apply pressure, such as when the opponent is vulnerable or disorganized, leading to high turnovers even with a relatively high PPDA.

    5. Tactical Implications of High Turnovers vs PPDA

    • Proactive vs Reactive Teams: Teams that have low PPDA and generate high turnovers are typically proactive and aggressive in their approach, seeking to regain possession high up the field and create immediate chances. On the other hand, teams with high PPDA and fewer high turnovers are more reactive, focusing on maintaining defensive shape and allowing the opponent more space until they reach a certain area on the pitch.

    • Risk vs Reward: High pressing (low PPDA and high turnovers) is a high-risk, high-reward strategy. It can lead to quick regains of possession in dangerous areas but also leaves space behind the defence that opponents can exploit with fast transitions. Low pressing (high PPDA) is less risky but can allow the opponent to control possession and gain momentum.

    • Defensive Efficiency: Teams with low PPDA but few high turnovers might need to adjust their pressing strategy to make it more efficient, focusing on how to turn aggressive pressing into actual possession gains. Conversely, teams with high PPDA and occasional high turnovers may be using a more targeted or intelligent pressing approach, choosing the right moments to press rather than pressing constantly.

    6. Examples of Team Approaches

    • Liverpool (Low PPDA, High Turnovers): Liverpool’s pressing system under Klopp (gegenpressing) is designed to immediately pressure opponents after losing the ball, often resulting in high turnovers. Their low PPDA reflects intense pressing and the frequent high turnovers in advanced areas lead to quick scoring opportunities.

    • Atlético Madrid (High PPDA, Few High Turnovers): Atlético often sits in a more compact, deeper block, allowing the opponent more time on the ball (high PPDA). They prioritize defensive structure and are less focused on regaining possession high up the field, so they generate fewer high turnovers but maintain a solid defence.

    The relationship between high turnovers and PPDA reveals how successfully a team’s pressing translates into regaining possession in the opponent’s half.

    • Low PPDA often correlates with high turnovers, indicating that the pressing is aggressive and effective.
    • High PPDA usually results in fewer high turnovers, as the team presses less intensely and focuses on defensive shape.

    By analyzing these metrics together, coaches and analysts can assess a team’s pressing strategy and its effectiveness in disrupting the opponent’s build-up and creating chances from high turnovers.

    EPL High Turnover v Defensive Height

    EPL High Turnover v Defensive Height

    High Turnover and Defensive Height are two metrics that provide important insights into a team's pressing strategy and defensive positioning. Understanding the relationship between them helps us understand how teams approach winning the ball back and where on the field they choose to engage the opposition.

    1. High Turnover Recap

    A high turnover refers to a team regaining possession in the opponent’s half, typically through pressing or forcing errors. These turnovers are valuable because they occur close to the opponent's goal, offering immediate attacking opportunities.

    High turnovers can be broken down into:

    • Turnovers leading to a shot: Possession regained in the opponent's half that leads to an immediate attempt on goal.
    • Turnovers leading to a transition: Quick recovery of possession leading to an attacking play, often in transition.

    2. What is Defensive Height?

    Defensive height refers to the average positioning of a team's defensive line during a match. It indicates how far up the pitch the defensive line is set:

    • High defensive line: The defence plays further up the field, typically near the halfway line or even in the opponent’s half.
    • Low defensive line: The defence sits deeper, closer to their own goal, focusing on compactness and preventing spaces in behind.

    3. Relationship Between High Turnovers and Defensive Height

    The combination of high turnovers and defensive height reveals how a team positions itself to apply pressure and where it looks to regain possession. Different tactical setups result in varied outcomes in terms of high turnovers based on the height of the defensive line.

    High Defensive Height with High Turnovers

    • Teams that play with a high defensive line are often positioned to engage the opposition much earlier, meaning they compress the space in the opponent’s half. This allows them to apply pressure higher up the pitch and increases the likelihood of forcing high turnovers.

    • By positioning their defenders further up, these teams can squeeze the space the opponent has to operate in, forcing mistakes or rushed passes, which lead to turnovers.

    • Benefits: A high defensive line helps the team win the ball closer to the opponent’s goal, giving them shorter distances to cover when transitioning into attack. This style is ideal for teams looking to dominate possession and pin the opponent in their half.

    • Risks: The higher the defensive line, the more space is left behind the defenders, making the team vulnerable to counter-attacks, especially if the opponent has fast attackers who can exploit this space.

    Example: Teams like Manchester City or Liverpool use a high defensive line, coupled with intense pressing, to generate numerous high turnovers. Their defenders play high up the pitch, which supports the pressing efforts of the midfield and forward lines, leading to frequent possession regains in advanced areas.

    High Defensive Height with Low Turnovers

    • A team may play with a high defensive line but not generate many high turnovers. This could occur if the opponent is adept at bypassing the press or if the pressing is not intense enough to cause turnovers.

    • The high defensive line compresses the field, but without aggressive pressing, the opponent may be able to maintain possession or find ways to escape the press, even with limited space.

    • Risks: A high defensive line without intense pressing can expose the team to quick transitions, as the opponent can break through the midfield more easily if there’s no consistent pressure to disrupt their play.

    Example: A possession-heavy team that plays a high defensive line but focuses on controlling space rather than aggressively pressing might limit high turnovers, focusing instead on structured defensive positioning.

    Low Defensive Height with Low Turnovers

    • Teams that play with a low defensive line typically prioritize compactness and defensive solidity. Their defensive positioning is deeper, meaning they are less concerned with regaining possession high up the pitch and more focused on preventing the opponent from creating goal-scoring opportunities.

    • These teams tend to concede more territory and possession, defending in numbers and looking to absorb pressure rather than engage in high pressing. As a result, they generate fewer high turnovers because they are positioned further from the opponent’s goal.

    • Benefits: A low defensive line reduces the risk of being caught out by long balls or fast transitions, as the defenders are already in deeper positions.

    • Risks: Teams with a low defensive line can struggle to create attacking chances, as they are often positioned too deep to launch effective counter-attacks,and it takes longer to transition from defence to attack.

    Example: Teams like Burnley or even Atlético Madrid at times play with a deep defensive line, focusing on absorbing pressure and playing on the counter. They generate few high turnovers as their pressing occurs deeper on the pitch.

    Low Defensive Height with High Turnovers

    • This is a rare but possible scenario where a team presses selectively, choosing specific moments to apply pressure aggressively even though their defensive line is generally deeper.

    • These teams might sit deeper but apply pressure when the opponent tries to build out from the back, forcing errors and creating high turnovers from specific triggers (e.g., poor passes, isolated players).

    • Tactical Approach: This strategy may involve sitting back and absorbing pressure for long periods but suddenly pressing intensely in key areas, catching the opponent off-guard. These turnovers are usually the result of tactical traps set by the defending team to win the ball at the right moment.

    Example: Atlético Madrid, at times, uses this approach. While they maintain a low defensive block, they may press aggressively in specific moments when the opponent is vulnerable or in transition, generating high turnovers despite their deeper overall positioning.

    4. Tactical Considerations in Balancing High Turnovers and Defensive Height

    • Proactive vs Reactive Defending: Teams that play with a high defensive line and seek to generate high turnovers are generally more proactive, looking to dictate the pace and positioning of the game. They want to win the ball early and close to the opponent’s goal.

      Teams with a low defensive line are more reactive, allowing the opponent possession but focusing on counter-attacks or defending compactly. In these systems, high turnovers are less frequent, but the turnovers they do win are often in situations where they can launch a quick counter.

    • Risk and Reward: Playing with a high defensive line is inherently riskier because of the space left behind, but the reward is that high turnovers can lead to immediate chances to score. Conversely, a low defensive line minimizes risk but may limit the frequency and effectiveness of high turnovers, as the team is often too deep to capitalize quickly.

    5. Pressing Triggers and High Turnovers

    Teams that generate high turnovers, regardless of their defensive height, often use pressing triggers:

    • Mistakes in build-up: Teams wait for a poor touch or misplaced pass to press aggressively.
    • Isolated players: Pressing when an opponent is cut off from support, forcing them into turnovers.
    • Goal kicks: Some teams press high immediately after the opponent takes a goal kick, seeking to win the ball in advanced areas.

    The defensive height influences how close to the opponent's goal these turnovers occur, with high defensive lines leading to turnovers in more dangerous positions.

    6. Examples of Tactical Variations

    • Liverpool (High Defensive Line, High Turnovers): Liverpool's high defensive line allows them to squeeze the field and press high, leading to frequent high turnovers. The team’s compactness in the opponent's half increases their chances of winning the ball close to goal.

    • Atlético Madrid (Low Defensive Line, Selective High Turnovers): Atlético Madrid sits deep but presses selectively. When they sense vulnerability in the opponent’s build-up, they push forward as a unit to win the ball, creating high turnovers despite their deeper defensive positioning.

    • Leicester City (Mid-Block, High Turnovers): Leicester often employs a mid-block defensive strategy, with the defensive line positioned slightly higher but not overly aggressive. They use pressing triggers to win the ball in midfield and transition quickly into attack.

    The relationship between high turnovers and defensive height offers valuable insights into a team's pressing style and overall defensive strategy. 

    Teams that combine a high defensive line with frequent high turnovers aim to dominate the game by recovering possession in dangerous areas, while teams that use a low defensive line are typically more conservative and generate fewer high turnovers but focus on counter-attacking opportunities.

    Understanding how teams balance these aspects helps to analyze their tactical approach, risk management and ability to control different phases of play.

    OK, let's start to round this up for today.

    Postecoglou’s Tottenham: Pressing Intensity, Defensive Height, and High Turnovers

    Ange Postecoglou’s Tottenham offers a fascinating case study in how pressing intensity, defensive height and high turnovers are utilised to reshape the team’s identity. 

    Under Postecoglou, Spurs have adopted a high defensive line, pushing their back four higher up the pitch, especially when in possession. 

    This approach compresses the space between defence and attack, allowing the team to press more aggressively and regain possession in advanced areas.

    The team’s pressing intensity has increased under Postecoglou compared to previous seasons. 

    His focus is on regaining the ball quickly, often through coordinated pressing in the middle third, while leaving opponents with little time to settle. 

    This has led to more high turnovers, as the team presses aggressively to win the ball in positions where they can transition into attack swiftly.

    The shift to a high defensive line and more proactive pressing is a stark contrast to the more cautious approaches seen in the past, such as the deeper, compact defensive blocks used under José Mourinho, Nuno Espírito Santo and Antonio Conte. 

    This high-risk, high-reward system can occasionally leave space behind, making Spurs vulnerable to quick counter-attacks. However, the trade-off is clear: the team has become more dynamic in possession, with more high turnovers offering frequent attacking opportunities.

    Yet, the system isn’t perfect. While Tottenham's pressing and high turnovers have improved their control in games, two key areas remain problematic: finishing and defending inside the box

    These are critical in maximising the benefits of our pressing game

    Often, despite creating chances from high turnovers, the team struggles to capitalise, with a lack of clinical finishing letting down the overall attacking play. 

    Defensively, the high line can be exploited when defending inside the box, where moments of lapse in concentration or positioning have led to plenty of avoidable goals.

    Postecoglou is banking on Dominic Solanke to convert more of our chances than we did last season.

    The Wrap Up

    Tottenham under Postecoglou is a team on the rise. 

    The increased pressing intensity, high defensive line and ability to win high turnovers have transformed Spurs into an exciting, proactive side that takes the game to opponents. 

    The tactical changes have given the team control, flair and purpose, creating a solid foundation for future success.

    However, it's clear that the areas needing improvement are finishing and defending inside the box

    Despite the tactical advances, Tottenham have been let down by these critical moments, especially when it comes to converting chances and dealing with opposition attacks in the penalty area.

    These aren’t massive structural issues but more refinements that need to be made in key moments. 

    With the finishing sharpened and a bit more steel in the box defensively, Tottenham fans have every reason to believe that their exciting style of play can lead them to greater success under Ange Postecoglou. 

    There’s plenty to be optimistic about, if you avoid the knuckle draggers on social media and Spurs are closer than ever to being a serious contender, provided we tighten up these final aspects.

    Your Questions Answered

    1. What tactical changes has Ange Postecoglou made at Tottenham?

    Postecoglou has implemented a high defensive line and increased pressing intensity. This proactive approach helps Tottenham win the ball back quickly, creating more opportunities through high turnovers in advanced areas.

    2. Why is Tottenham's high defensive line risky?

    A high defensive line compresses space and allows for aggressive pressing, but it can leave the team vulnerable to quick counter-attacks, as opponents can exploit the space behind the defenders.

    3. How does Tottenham’s pressing intensity compare to previous seasons?

    Tottenham’s pressing intensity has increased significantly under Postecoglou. The team now presses higher up the pitch, with more coordinated efforts to regain possession quickly in the middle third.

    4. What are Tottenham’s main weaknesses under Postecoglou?

    The key areas of concern are finishing and defending inside the box. Despite creating chances from high turnovers, the team sometimes struggles to convert those chances and can be vulnerable defensively in their own penalty area.

    5. How can Tottenham improve their performance under Postecoglou?

    Tottenham can improve by sharpening their finishing and reinforcing their defending inside the box. With these refinements, the team can maximise the benefits of their pressing game and become a more formidable side.

    THE FANS BIG QUESTION

    Is Postecoglou’s system bringing Tottenham closer to winning a trophy?

    Yes, Postecoglou’s system is highly effective and puts Spurs in a stronger position to challenge for trophies. The combination of a high defensive line, pressing intensity and creating high turnovers provides a solid foundation for trophy success. With improvements in finishing and defending inside the box, Tottenham can turn their dominant performances into consistent wins, making a trophy more achievable in the near future. It's a strong system that just needs those final touches to unlock its full potential.

    COYS